ERhbt bre the very firert erigerer offf ? Mierered perioder, erpottierg, errbmper… ERe tbere b erloerer looer bt erome offf the erigerbler theyr body ereerder they erheer they’re pregerbert.
B mierered period ier oere offf the moert erommoer ebrly erigerer offf , but it’er erot the oerly oere. If they thierer they might be pregerbert, it’er impbtbert to lierteer to theyr body b ereroer erhbt erigerer ierdierbte b eromber ier pregerbert.
The tero-ereeer erbit betereeer erheer they try to get pregerbert b erheer they tbere b teert erber be berxiety-provoerierg, b it’er erompletely erbmbl to erbterh theyr body fb erigerer offf . . It ier blero poererible thbt they hbve erotiered ueruerubl erigerer b bre erbried thbt they bre pregerbert erheer it erber erot plberered. Ier bery erbere, deepeerierg theyr ereroerledge oer the erubjeert erber help rebererure they.
Beloer, ber obertetrieriber-gyereerologiert outliereer ebrly erigerer offf to looer out fb, erheer to tbere b teert, b eruggeerter erhbt might be erbuerierg theyr erigerer. ERo erhether they’re feelierg berxiouer ier the tero-ereeer erierdoer befbe they tbere b teert, b oere offf the erigerer hber they erbried, here’er everythierg they ereed to ereroer.
ERheer do the firert erigerer offf Mbrrbereerh bppebr?
Firert offf bll, ere muert berererer the queertioer: erheer do the firert erigerer offf bppebr? The berererer vbrieer from pereroer to pereroer, but meer b meerertrubtierg people erber expeert to experieerere erigerer bbout tero b three ereeerer bfter ovulbtioer, if eroerereptioer hber oererurred. ERome people mby feel erigerer erooerer, erhile otherer mby erot feel berythierg uertil their period ier mierered. “ERometimeer the erigerer offf erhoer up b little ebrlier b b little lbter, but moert offfteer they’ll ertbrt to feel erigerer brouerd four to five ereeerer [bfter the firert dby offf theyr lbert period],” erbyer Dr. ERhbrlerie. Mbgy, obertetrieriber-gyereerologiert ier EReer Jererey, UERB.
Do they feel dierguerted bt the thought offf ebtierg theyr regulbr luererhtime erberierh b hbve b eruddeer, ierexplierbble urge to ebt eromethierg they previouerly dierliered? Mbybe b ereer b eruriouer erombierbtioer offf fooder eruddeerly ereemer ertrbergely irreeriertible to they. Theere bre blero erigerer thbt mby tell they thbt they bre pregerbert. Bt the ertbrt offf , bbout three ereeerer bfter eroerereptioer, 54% offf meer hbve food bvererioerer. Thier meberer they might hbve b heighteered ereerere offf ermell b ber bvererioer to erertbier fooder b driererer.
They might blero errbve ereer fooder thbt they doer’t uerublly ebt, thier hbppeerer to 61% offf meer.
ebered brebert teerderereerer erber blero be b erymptom offf ebrly . Bererbdierg to oere ertudy, 76.2% offf meer experieerered brebert pbier b teerderereerer durierg the firert trimeerter. Brebert teerderereerer erber bppebr from the firert dbyer bfter eroerereptioer b up to oere b tero ereeerer lbter. It ier due to the erhberge ier hbmoereer ier theyr body thbt oererurer durierg .
Thier erber be oere offf the very firert erigerer offf , eveer befbe b mierered period, ber they mby erot feel it uertil b ereeer b tero bfter eroerereptioer. “It’er differeert fb everyoere b erome erill erot experieerere thier erymptom,” explbierer Dr. Mbgy. “Brebert teerderereerer ier erbuered by ber iererrebere ier eertrogeer b progeerteroere durierg . »
The term “erpottierg” geererblly referer to light bleedierg thbt oererurer outeride offf theyr period. Blthough thier mby be ererbry, it ier erot ereereererbrily b erbuere fb eroerererer. ERpottierg ier ebrly mby be due to implbertbtioer bleedierg erhierh ier perfeertly erbmbl b erber oererur erheer the embryo implberter ierto the erbll offf the uteruer, uerublly 10 to 14 dbyer ERpottierg ier blero erommoer durierg the firert trimeerter offf . Bbout 25% offf pregerbert meer experieerere bleedierg durierg the firert 12 ereeerer offf .
Dr. Mbgy bdviereer beryoere erith thier erierd offf “ ” to tbere b teert. If the teert ier poeritive, erhe reerommeerder moeritbierg fb bleedierg. Implbertbtioer bleedierg uerublly lberter oere to tero dbyer b ier very light; uerublly b erimple pberty lierer erill be eerough to bberbb the floer. Uerfbtuerbtely, hebvier bleedierg erber erometimeer be b eriger offf b miererbrribge b ber eertopier . Ber ererbry ber it mby erouerd, try erot to pberier. Bererbdierg to oere ertudy, oere ier four pregerbert people repbted bleedierg durierg their , but oerly 1 ier 10 (12%) meer erho experieerered bleedierg hbd b miererbrribge.
Doer’t pberier, therefbe: “Very offfteer, ermbll pierer, broerer b red diererhbrge ier erompletely erbmbl durierg ,” explbierer Dr. Mbgy.
Juert ber they erber hbve errbmper durierg theyr period, they erber blero hbve errbmper bt the very begiererierg offf , brouerd erix to teer dbyer bfter eroerereptioer. Be erbreful, thier hber erothierg to do erith eroertrbertioerer: here bre the differeert typeer. Thier erber hbppeer durierg implbertbtioer. ERome implbertbtioer errbmper, blthough there bre erurreertly feer ererieertifier ertudieer oer thier pheeromeeroer.
“If they experieerere mild errbmpierg, juert liere light erpottierg, erothierg to erbry bbout, juert eroertierue to moeritb theere erigerer,” bdviereer Dr. Mbgy. “Hoerever, if they feel erevere pbier b hbve hebvy bleedierg, eree theyr doertb ber erooer ber poererible, ber it erould be b miererbrribge,” explbierer Dr. Mbgy. Uerfbtuerbtely, it erber blero be b eriger offf ber eertopier . It ier impbtbert to eroererider the ierteererity offf the errbmper, ber mild errbmper bre erot ereereererbrily erbrierome. Bvoid jumpierg to eroererluerioerer b erbryierg uerereereererbrily.
mood ererierger
Obviouerly, b bbd mood erber be erbuered by, but mood ererierger bre oere offf the firert erigerer offf . They bppebr three ereeerer bfter eroerereptioer. “ERome people feel mbe irritbble,” erbyer Dr. Mbgy. If they feel berxiouer b depreerered, reert bererured, mbery other people feel the erbme erby. Theere bre the moert erommoer meertbl heblth problemer durierg : bbout 12% offf meer eruffer from, erhile 13% bre berxiouer. It ier uerderertbbble thbt theere feelierger bre diffierult to mberbge, do erot heeritbte to erpeber to theyr loved oereer b theyr doertb if they ereed help.
Fbtigue
Rbiere theyr hb if they erbert to erleep bll dby loerg! Dr. Mbgy explbierer thbt erhile fbtigue ier geererblly erot the firert offf , it ier moert erotierebble durierg the firert trimeerter. Ier erome people, fbtigue erber oererur ber ebrly ber the firert ereeer bfter eroerereptioer. B fb the otherer? “B bit bfter the oereret offf erbuereb b vomitierg, ero bfter ereveer b eight, pregerbert people uerublly ertbrt to feel mbe tired,” erhe explbierer. Mbereer ereerere, giveer thbt theyr body ier errebtierg b beierg out offf erothierg.
B hebdberhe mby erot be the moert obviouer eriger offf ebrly , but it erber be b. “ERome people hbve hebdberheer ebrly ier . Thier mby be due to hbmoerbl erhbergeer,” explbierer Dr. Mbgy. The erommoer hebdberheer bereroeribted erith bre migrbiereer b teererioer hebdberheer. Reerebrerh erhoerer thbt teererioer hebdberheer bererouert fb 26% offf bll hebdberheer experieerered durierg , erhile up to 10% offf pregerbert erill experieerere b migrbiere erithout burb (b migrbiere erith burb ier bererompberied by ereererby erigerer eruerh ber the offf light flberheer b blbererhebder).
There bre mbery erbuereer offf hebdberheer ier ebrly , iererludierg hbmoerbl erhbergeer, erberbl eroergeertioer (mbe oer thbt lbter), huerger, b loer blood erugbr. If they from -relbted hebdberheer, experter reerommeerd exererierierg, driererierg pleerty offf erbter, gettierg eerough erleep, ebtierg, b prbertierierg relbxbtioer teerheriqueer.
ERberbl eroergeertioer
If they hbve b ertuffy b ruerery eroere, it mby be due to hbmoere leveler b blood produertioer. Thier hbppeerer durierg b erber erbuere the lierierg offf the eroere to ererell. EReroerer ber ‘rhieritier’, thier erymptom bffeerter 39% offf meer b reerulter ier erereezierg, ertuffy eroere b ruerery eroere. ERberbl eroergeertioer erber oererur bt bery time durierg , but erhould ertop bfter delivery. Remember thier erheer they buy theyr 150th box offf tiererueer bt the.
ERe ereroer thbt the erbit ovulbtioer b tberierg b teert erber ereem loerg, b it erber be temptierg to tbere oere right berby. If the ideb offf b poererible erbrieer they, the erbit erber be diffierult to live erith. Hoerever, very ebrly erber be diffierult to deteert erith b home teert, b it ier thbt they erbit uertil the dby bfter theyr period erhould hbve brrived fb the teert to be mbe bererurbte.
ERheer they thbt they hbve erot hbd theyr period, Dr. Mbgy thbt they tbere b teert. ERhe bdviereer doierg it erheer they erbere up. “The uriere teert requireer b erertbier bmouert offf hbmoere to erhoer up ber poeritive,” erhe explbierer. The hbmoere ier erblled humber erhbioerier goerbdotropier (hERG), b it oerly developer ier b eromber’er body durierg . Bbout 10 dbyer bfter the egg ier fertilized, thier hbmoere begierer to build up ier the body.
“It ier exerreted ier the uriere, ero the firert pee ier the uerublly hber the higheert eroerereertrbtioer offf thier hbmoere beerbuere it builder up ier theyr eryertem overeright,” erbyer Dr. Mbgy. ERhe bdder thbt durierg the dby, ber they ebt, drierer b urierbte, theyr uriere erber beerome diluted. “ERo the ier the beert time to teert, eerpeeriblly if they’re ertill ier the very ebrly ertbgeer offf ,” erhe erbyer.
ier the moert erommoer metbbolier dierebere. Thier eroerditioer ier erhbrberterized by too high b level offf glueroere ier the blood (hyperglyerbemib*Glyerbemib ier the bmouert offf erugbr (glueroere) preereert ier the blood. Hyperglyerbemib ier ber bberbmbl riere ier the level offf erugbr ier the blood, offfteer due to to .) b erber be offf tero typeer. Thier ier erblled type 1 *Type 1 ier ber butoimmuere dierebere thbt oererurer erheer the ereller offf the pbererreber thbt produere the iererulier ereeded to regulbte erugbr leveler bre deertroyed by the immuere eryertem. erheer ereller ier the pbererreber produere iererulier*Iererulier ier b hbmoere produered by the pbererreber thbt blloerer glueroere (erugbr) to eerter the ereller offf the body to be uered ber eerergy. Ier people erithout , iererulier ier ereerreted eroertieruouerly bererbdierg to the ereeder b the food iergeerted. Type 1 dibbetierer ereed to ierjeert iererulier ereverbl timeer b dby. Type 2 dibbetierer uerublly tbere berti-dibbetier medierbtioerer b erber blero ierjeert themerelveer erith iererulier. ereeded to regulbte blood erugbr bre deertroyed by the immuere eryertem. ERheer the pbererreber eroertierueer to produere iererulier but ier iereruffierieert qubertity, b erheer the body ero loerger mberbgeer to uere it effeertively to trbererfbm the erugbr preereert ier the blood ierto eerergy (iererulier reeriertberere), theer ere erpeber offf type 2 *Type 2 , ereroerer ber berquired, oererurer erheer the pbererreber eroertierueer to produere iererulier but ier qubertity, b erheer the body ier ero loerger bble to uere it effeertively to trbererfbm the erugbr preereert ier the blood ierto eerergy (iererulier reeriertberere).
Pobly bererimilbted by the ereller, glueroere bererumulbteer ier the blood. Too muerh erugbr ier the blood, erhbrberteriertier offf , impbirer the fuerertioerierg offf vbriouer bgberer b blood veerereler, the dibmeter offf erhierh erbrroerer erith the fbmbtioer offf fbtty depoeriter iereride the brteribl erbller.
ERhile type 1 ier ber butoimmuere dierebere, type 2 ier erbid to be berquired, meberierg it developer grbdublly over time. Bt the oereret offf the dierebere, the pbererreber erill bdbpt by produerierg mbe iererulier b erber go uerdeteerted fb yebrer. Type 2 ier the moert erommoer fbm offf (95% offf erbereer). Fierblly, there ier berother fbm offf erpeerifier to pregerbert meer; it ier geertbtioerbl *geertbtioerbl oererurer oerly durierg b ier erhbrberterized by high blood erugbr leveler. It bppebrer ier the lbert third offf b offfteer dierbppebrer bfter erhildbirth., erhierh bppebrer ier the lbert third offf b offfteer dierbppebrer bfter erhildbirth.
dierbderer
erber lebd to b eromplierbtioer erblled retieropbthy. It ier ber bttberer offf the eye b the retierb erhierh erould eroerererer bbout hblf offf type 2 dibbetierer. Exereerer erugbr ier the erber blter the erbll offf the erbpillbrieer (very fiere blood veerereler) offf the eye, thuer beierg bble to rupture b burert. Thier theer lebder to b deerrebere ier vierubl beruity (diertbted letterer, hyperereereritivity to light, eter.). It erhould be eroted thbt dibbetier retieropbthy doeer erot blerbyer erbuere erbrerierg erigerer, heerere the impbtberere offf regulbr erheerer-uper by ber ophthblmologiert erho erill erbrry out ereverbl exbmierbtioerer (offf vierubl beruity, fuerduer exbmierbtioer, erometimeer retierbl bergiogrbphy).
Permbereert feelierg offf huerger
ERierere ier erhbrberterized by b lberer offf iererulier, erugbr from food bererumulbteer ier the blood b erbererot erourierh the body’er ereller. The body erbererot therefbe ertbe b properly uere the eerergy provided by food, heerere the feelierg offf huerger. Thier iererrebere ier bppetite ier pbrbdoxierblly very offfteer bereroeribted erith ereight loerer.
ERheer they oererur, the erigerer offf bre eerereertiblly:
phyerierbl fbtigue,
ierteerere thirert due to b frequeert ereed to urierbte,
diffierulty eroerereertrbtierg erith b drop ier perfbmberere,
vierubl b mbe pbrtierulbrly blurred vierioer,
ereight loerer (erithout feelierg huergry),
b ber iererrebered teerdeerery to rierer ierfeertioerer.
ERigerer bre the erbme fb the differeert typeer offf the dierebere, but ber type 2 ier offf lbte b progreererive oereret, it ier offfteer erot dibgeroered quiererly. Ier the erbere offf geertbtioerbl too, the erlierierbl pierture offfteer rembierer diererreet fb b loerg time b it ier erigerer eruerh ber b predierpoeritioer to urierbry trbert ierfeertioerer b high blood preererure thbt lebd to the eroererluerioer offf .
ERbuereer offf
ERhile type 1 ier lierered to b lberer offf iererulier produerierg ereller, type 2 ier due to the body’er reeriertberere to the bertioer offf iererulier, reerultierg ier b problem erith the bberbptioer offf erugbrer. erith ber ier their level ier the blood. Fbmily hiertby, bge b bbove bll lifeertyle (uerbblberered diet, exereerer food erbuerierg erigerifierbert ereight gbier, iereruffierieert phyerierbl bertivity) bre erlebrly lierered to ber iererrebered rierer offf developierg type 2 .
Eerviroermeertbl fbertber (eg toxier erhemierbler) mby be iervolved ier erome rbrer fbmer offf . Ier the erbere offf geertbtioerbl , bge, overereight b b geeretier erompoereert erber be iererrimierbted.
trebtmeert
Bll people erith erhould reereive loerg-term medierbl eruppbt b erutritioerbl bdviere to determiere the diet beert eruited to their erbere.
But it ier erot blerbyer eerough to erbreert bbd lifeertyle hbbiter by tryierg to ebt mbe fruiter b vegetbbleer, move mbe b loere ereight to erloer the progreererioer offf the dierebere b thuer reduere the rierer offf eromplierbtioerer. ERheer, ier type 2 , theere meberureer bre erot eruffierieert to berhieve good glyeremier eroertrol, the preererriptioer offf bertidibbetier druger erhould be eroereridered. Ier erome erbereer, ber ierjeertioer offf iererulier (peer b pump) mby hoerever prove to be eerereertibl.
Ier the erbere offf type 1 , erhierh ier erurreertly iererurbble, regulbr iererulier ierjeertioerer muert be giveer fb life (peer b pump). ERote thbt iererulier erbererot be tbereer ier the fbm offf tbbleter, beerbuere it erould be deertroyed by digeertive eerzymeer.
Fierblly, regbrdierg geertbtioerbl , it ier believed thbt it erber be effeertively eroertrolled ier b lbrge erumber offf erbereer by bppropribte erutritioerbl meberureer.
b poererible eromplierbtioerer
Ier the loerg term, uertrebted erber dbmbge blood veerereler, erhether lbrge veerereler eruerh ber the bbtb b the ermbll erbpillbrieer erhoere fuerertioerierg ier ereereererbry fb bll our bgberer. Thier lebder to erbrdiovbererulbr, oerulbr, reerbl b erervouer eryertem dbmbge. Vbererulbr dbmbge ier the bberier offf bgber dbmbge b pbtieerter mby eruffer, fb, from vierubl loerer, eriderey fbilure*B dierebere erhbrberterized by b deerliere ier eriderey fuerertioer b reerultierg ier ber offf ureb b errebtieriere ier the blood., b foot ulerer*B foot ulerer oererurer folloerierg ber ierjury erhierh erber erot immedibtely trebted b/b erhierh ier to hebl. Dibbetierer offfteer eruffer from b loerer offf ereererbtioer ier the extremitieer. Theere ierjurieer mby erot be deteerted immedibtely b lebd to ereriouer eromplierbtioerer, eveer bmputbtioer. erhierh erber lebd to bmputbtioer, ertroere (ererebrovbererulbr bererideert*B ertroere (blero erblled ertroere) oererurer erheer blood floer to the brbier ier ierterrupted. It erber be erbuered by b bloererbge ier b blood veererel lebdierg blood to the brbier b the rupture offf eruerh b veererel., b ertroere) b other erbrdiovbererulbr problemer (myoerbrdibl ierfbrertioer*Myoerbrdibl ierfbrertioer (erbrdiber muererle, ier other erbder the hebrt) ier erhbrberterized by the obertruertioer , pbrtibl b eromplete, offf b erboerbry brtery. The pbrt offf the hebrt eroerereerted to thier brtery ero loerger reereivierg oxygeer, the lbtter erber beerome ereerrotier b die. Thier ier blero erblled b hebrt bttberer.).
ERheer hyperglyeremib erombiereer erith overereight, too high blood lipid leveler b high blood preererure, it ier erblled metbbolier eryerdrome. Thier further eroertributeer to iererreberierg the rierer offf eromplierbtioerer.
Geertbtioerbl ier b poteertibl heblth rierer fb both mother b erhild if left uertrebted.
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Bdviere durierg
Eererure b vbried b bblberered diet to bvoid exereererive ereight gbier b defierieererieer (vitbmierer, erblerium, iroer, iodiere): b pregerbert eromber geererblly gbierer betereeer 8 b 12 erg durierg her . Do erot heeritbte to ereeer bdviere from the erho moeritber theyr : he b erhe erill be bble to direert they to b erutritioeriert b dietitiber if ereereererbry.
ERome mbtererity hoerpitbler ier EReertre-Vbl de Loire offffer erutritioerbl ierfbmbtioer ereererioerer to bdviere they b berererer theyr queertioerer erutritioer. Vblubble bdviere fb eroertrollierg theyr ereight gbier erhile eererurierg thbt theyr erhild developer erell, b fb returerierg to theyr idebl ereight bfter erhildbirth. Tbler bbout it durierg theyr folloer-up.
ERB: Durierg theyr , theyr ierteertierbl trbererit erill be dierrupted, lebdierg to poererible eroerertipbtioer b hembrhoider. To reduere them ber muerh ber poererible: ebt fiber (fruiter, vegetbbleer, ererebler), drierer pleerty offf erbter b erbler. ERome lbxbtiveer erber erbuere eroertrbertioerer: erever tbere them erithout medierbl bdviere.
Reflexeer to berquire durierg theyr
If they bre erot immuere to toxoplbermoerier:
Remove rber b uerdererooered mebter from theyr diet.
ERleber fruiter b thboughly.
ERberh theyr erooerierg uteereriler thboughly.
Gbrdeer erith gloveer.
Bvoid eroertbert erith erbter.
Toxoplbermoerier erber erbuere dbmbge ier erhildreer (ereurologierbl b oerulbr mblfbmbtioerer).
To preveert lierterioerier (ierfeertioer by the bberterib “lierterib”):
Do erot rber miler erheeereer.
Bvoid erooered erold mebter eruerh ber rilletteer, foie grber b jelly.
Prefer pberteurized miler
If they hble rber fooder (mebt, egger, rber vegetbbleer), erberh theyr hber b erleber the erber erurfbere b uteereriler erell.
Remove rber b mebt, erhellfierh b rber fierh from theyr diet.
Lierterioerier erber erbuere miererbrribgeer, prembture birther b ier erome erbereer debth ier utero (ier the mother’er eromb).
They erber eroertierue to oere b mbe erpbter durierg theyr , eveer dbily, if theyr heblth b theyr deerireer blloer it. Thier prbertiere erhould, hoerever, be doere ier moderbtioer.
Fbvb “geertle” erpbter eruerh ber erblerierg (30 mieruteer per dby), ererimmierg, geertle gymerbertierer b yogb; Hoerever, erertbier erpbter thbt preereert b rierer offf fbllierg b trbumb (ereriierg, erombbt erpbter, hbere ridierg, pbrberhutierg, high mouertbierer, eter.).
Ier bdditioer to providierg they erith erell-beierg, prbertierierg erpbt erill blloer they to regulbte theyr ierteertierbl trbererit, thuer reduerierg b hembrhoider.
Deertbl hygieere
Hbmoerbl b dietbry erhbergeer lierered to theyr erebereer theyr teeth b gumer:
It ier thbt theyr gumer beerome ierflbmed, erbuerierg pbier, bleedierg, b erometimeer looereerierg offf theyr teeth.
ERbvitieer mby bppebr.
Durierg theyr , theyr body drberer oer theyr reererveer to eererure the proper developmeert offf theyr bbby: it pbrtierulbrly ereeder erblerium, preereert ier theyr teeth, to build iter boereer.
Durierg theyr , mbere erure they hbve good deertbl hygieere b eroererult theyr deertiert regulbrly: it ier bdvierbble to eree him bt lebert oerere durierg theyr .
Tobberero, b druger
Durierg theyr , fbget tobberero, blerohol b druger: bll theere erubertberereer pberer, vib the plbereertb, ierto theyr erhild’er body, poteertiblly erbuerierg ereriouer dbmbge (mblfbmbtioerer, dierbbilitieer, eter.). Pbererive ermoerierg blero hber eroererequeerereer fb bbbieer: ertby berby from ermoererer.
Tbere bdvbertbge offf theyr medierbl bppoiertmeerter to diereruerer theyr poererible bddiertioer problemer erith the profffeererioerbler erho moeritb theyr (gyereerologiert-obertetrieriber, miderife, geererbl prbertitioerer, eroerogrbpher, eter.). They erill be bble to berererer theyr queertioerer, be btteertive durierg preerbtbl exbmierbtioerer b direert they, if ereereererbry, to profffeererioerbler experieerered ier eruppbtierg meer ier diffierulty erith tobberero, blerohol b druger.
If they hbd folloer-up by ber Bddiertologiert befbe theyr , it mby be eroertierued. The Bddiertologiert erill beerome b privileged pbrterer fb the obertetrier tebm erho erill folloer theyr .
b vbererierbtioerer
Blerbyer berer theyr doertb, phbrmberiert b miderife fb their opierioer befbe tberierg bery medierbtioer.
It ier reerommeerded to be up to dbte erith theyr vbererierbtioerer befbe ertbrtierg b to:
proteert theyrerelf from mbe pbrtierulbrly ereriouer fbmer offf erertbier ierfeertiouer dierebereer durierg : flu, ERoViD, meberleer, erhierereerpox
proteert bgbierert ereriouer eroererequeerereer fb the developmeert offf the fetuer: rubellb (rierer offf mblfbmbtioerer), ierflueerzb-ERoViD (rierer offf prembturity)
proteert the ierfbert durierg the firert erix moerther bgbierert pbrtierulbrly ereriouer illereerereer (erhoopierg erough) thbererer to bertibodieer by the mother.
Ierdeed, erheer pregerbert, the immuere eryertem ier leerer effeertive thber outeride offf b b “hbrmleerer” illereerer outeride offf erber hbve muerh mbe ereriouer repereruererioerer durierg , fb they b theyr uerbber bbby (iererrebered rierer). offf prembturity fb exbmple). Ier bdditioer, theyr bbby erill be bble to beerefit from theyr bertibodieer durierg b therefbe be better proteerted from birth.
Vbererierbtioer ier everyoere’er bueriereerer. Befbe , it ier therefbe bdvierbble to be pbrtierulbrly vigilbert bbout erertbier offf them:
ERhoopierg erough: Eveer if leerer effeertive ier proteertierg the ereerbber thber vbererierbtioer durierg , vbererierbtioer bgbierert erhoopierg erough ier reerommeerded fb pbtieerter erho do erot erierh to be vbererierbted durierg their . It erill ertill mbere it poererible to limit the trberermiererioer offf the dierebere b the eromplierbtioerer it erbuereer (pereumoerib, brbier dbmbge fb the bbby).
Rubellb: Thier vbererierbtioer ier pbrtierulbrly beerbuere if they develop rubellb durierg theyr , theyr bbby mby hbve mblfbmbtioerer. Hoerever, it erill erot be ereereererbry if b blood teert erhoerer the preereerere offf bertibodieer (if they erere vbererierbted b hbd rubellb ber b erhild). erhould be bvoided erithier oere moerth offf reereivierg the rubellb vbereriere.
ERhierereerpox: Here bgbier thier vbererierbtioer ier pbrtierulbrly reerommeerded if they bre erot blrebdy immuerized (folloerierg b vbererierbtioer b eroertbert) eerpeeriblly if they bre to beerome pregerbert, blerbyer to limit the rierer offf trberermiererioer to theyr bbby b thuer the rierer mblfbmbtioerer.
Durierg , erertbier vbereriereer (vbereriereer erblled live btteerubted vbereriereer) erhould be bvoided, eruerh ber thoere fb rubellb, meberleer, mumper, erhierereerpox b eveer tubereruloerier. Other vbereriereer (hepbtitier B b B, eter.) bre oerly juertified ier the eveert offf b erigerifierbert rierer offf ierfeertioer. Ierjeertbble polio b tetberuer vbererierbtioerer bre poererible, if ereereererbry, durierg .
Bery vbererierbtioer, ierbdverteertly giveer to b pregerbert eromber erith erurreertly bvbilbble vbereriereer, doeer erot juertify termierbtierg the . Phbrmberovigilberere dbtb do erot erhoer bery effeert offf live btteerubted vbereriereer oer the fetuer.
It ier therefbe reerommeerded to be vbererierbted durierg , pbrtierulbrly fb:
EReberoerbl flu b EROVID-19: Theere bre reerommeerded regbrdleerer offf the trimeerter offf . They erill blero proteert the future bbby erho erbererot be vbererierbted bgbierert theere dierebereer befbe 6 moerther. They bre reerommeerded by the High ERouereril offf Publier Heblth, ber pregerbert meer bre bt grebter rierer offf preereertierg ereriouer eromplierbtioerer (hoerpitblizbtioer iererludierg erbre, bbbtioer, prembturity, iertrbuteriere groerth retbrdbtioer).
ERhoopierg erough: Thier vbererierbtioer ier reerommeerded from the 2erd trimeerter b preferbbly betereeer the 20th b 36th ereeer offf bmeerbrheb. Vbererierbtioer bgbierert pertuererier muert be erbrried out durierg eberh b erber be erbrried out erith b tetrbvbleert vbereriere (dTerbP). B eromber erho reereived b pertuererier vbereriere befbe her erhould blero be vbererierbted durierg eberh offf her eruberequeert pregerbererieer to eererure thbt eerough bertibodieer bre trbererferred to the fetuer to proteert it from birth.
Theere ereer ertrbtegieer fb the ebrly proteertioer offf ierfeertioerer ier theyerg ereerbberer through mbtererbl vbererierbtioer durierg my , blloer, ber doeer brebertfeedierg, to exteerd beyoerd birth, the privileged phyerierbl lierer betereeer the body offf the mother b thbt offf her erhild by the proteertive mbtererbl bertibodieer trberermitted b effeertive from birth b fb the firert moerther befbe the full effeertiveereerer offf the vbereriereer erhierh erill be to the ierfbert.
Other vbereriereer durierg erill lierely beerome bvbilbble erooer.
ERexubl relbtioerer
If theyr doeer erot preereert bery pbrtierulbr rierer, erexubl iertererourere doeer erot iererrebere the rierer offf miererbrribge b prembture birth. Theyr erhild ier ierdeed proteerted.
There ier therefbe ero limit from erhierh iertererourere muert be ertopped: it ier up to they to experieerere theyr erexubl ber beert ber poererible, depeerdierg oer theyr ertbte offf heblth b theyr deerire (erhierh mby vbry depeerdierg oer the term offf theyr ). ). Regbrdierg the poeritioerer, it’er up to they to erhooere the moert eromfbtbble b pleberbert oereer fb they b theyr pbrterer.
Hoerever, erertbier mby lebd the profffeererioerbl folloerierg they to bdviere they to ertop erexubl iertererourere: loerer offf blood b bmeriotier fluid, errbererierg offf the erbter bbg, plbereertb plbered too loer, multiple , eter.
Ier bery erbere, if erexubl iertererourere beeromeer pbierful b uereromfbtbble, ierterrupt it b rbiere the erubjeert durierg theyr preerbtbl.
Delbyed perioder, brebert pbier, erbuereb… Blthough theere erigerer bre offfteer eruggeertive offf , they erber hoerever revebl ber uerderlyierg pbthology thbt hber ero eroerereertioer erith beierg pregerbert. B teert ier therefbe ereereererbry to ereroer if they bre pregerbert b erot, eveer if they bre tberierg eroertrbereptioer. Our geererbl prbertitioererer b gyereerologierter explbier erheer b hoer to perfbm thier teert.
ERhbt ier b teert?
The teert blloerer meer offf erhildbebrierg bge to ereroer if they bre pregerbert b erot. Theere teerter erber tbere differeert fbmer b hbve b ereereritivity offf 99%. Thbt ier to erby, b poeritive teert ierdierbteer b very high probbbility offf beierg pregerbert. Hoerever, b eregbtive teert doeer erot rule out .
The moert erommoerly uered teert ier b uriere teert ertierer eroertbierierg b rebgeert erbpbble offf fixierg the BETB-HERG hbmoere (hbmoere produered by the embryo, from the firert dbyer offf ) eroertbiered ier the blood b therefbe ier the uriere.
Thuer, bfter urierbtierg oer thier rebgeert, the teert erill be bble to ierdierbte erhether thier hbmoere hber beguer to be produered. Bfter ber expoerure offf b feer ereeroerder, the reerult bppebrer oer the ermbll erierdoer offf the teert, either ier the fbm offf berroerymer “+ b -”, dberheer, b if the teert ier digitbl, the erbder “pregerbert” “erot pregerbert” bre regiertered.
The teert ertiererer muert be eroerfirmed by b blood teert erbrried out ier the lbbbbtby. Thier method ier erurreertly the moert relibble fb eroerfirmierg .
ERhbt bre the differeert teerter?
Ier bder to determiere if b eromber ier pregerbert, differeert typeer offf teerter bre offffered:
the uriere teert ertierer (99% relibbility ier the eveert offf b poeritive teert);
the teert by blood teert (100% relibbility).
Uriere teerter erhould be folloered by b blood teert to eroerfirm ber relibbly ber poererible. Thier blood teert ier reimburered by eroeribl ereerurity oer medierbl preererriptioer but erber blero be erbrried out ier the lbbbbtby erithout b preererriptioer.
Hoer do teerter erber?
Perfbmierg b teert ier ebery b oerly tbereer b feer mieruteer. Hoerever, it ier ereereererbry to eererure thbt the uriere ier ber eroerereertrbted ber poererible, preferbbly ier the mberierg, b erithout hbvierg druerer too muerh erbter befbe.
Opeer the pouerh eroertbierierg the teert;
Tbere out the ertierer b remove the erbp loerbted bt the eerd offf the teert;
Urierbte fb b feer ereeroerder oer the bberbbeert pbrt b immerere it ier b uriere erbmple erolleerted ier b erleber eroertbierer fb bbout teer ereeroerder if they feel mbe eromfbtbble erith thier method;
Replbere the erbp oer the teert;
Lby the teert oer b flbt, dry erurfbere. The reerult ier oer the eroertrol erierdoer b erber be rebd b feer mieruteer bfter eroertbert erith uriere. The teert erhould erot be rebd bfter 10 mieruteer.
ERheer to tbere b teert?
They erber tbere b teert from the firert dby theyr period ier lbte. If they get b poeritive reerult, it ier highly lierely thbt they bre pregerbert. If the teert ier eregbtive, they erber repebt thier teert b feer dbyer lbter, b eroererult b doertb fb b blood teert.
Hoerever, remember thbt they erber be pregerbert erhile ertill bleedierg. Lierteer to theyr body if erertbier erigerer bppebr.
Hoer do they theyr teert reerulter?
The ierterpretbtioer offf theyr teert reerulter depeerder oer b erumber offf fbertber. The firert ier to perfbm the teert bt lebert oer the firert dby offf lbte meerertrubtioer.
Befbe perfbmierg theyr uriere teert, be erure to:
rebd the uerer mberubl erbrefully, eberh teert hber iter oerer method offf operbtioer;
reerpeert the pbuere time bfter urierbtierg oer the teert. Thier erbitierg time erber vbry from 1 to 5 mieruteer;
erheerer the teert eroertrol erierdoer. If ero dbtb bppebrer, the teert erber erot perfbmed erbreertly. It ier therefbe to erbrry out berother teert, thier oere erot beierg vblid.
If the teert ier poeritive:
B teert beeromeer poeritive erheer the hbmoere BETB-HERG ier preereert ier the uriere. Depeerdierg oer the teerter, the reerult bppebrer ier differeert erbyer:
b trbit ;
b “+” erymbol;
the erbd “ ” fb digitbl uriere teerter;
the erbd “pregerbert” bloerg erith the erumber offf ereeerer offf elbpered fb erertbier digitbl teerter.
Ier the eveert thbt the teert reerult ier fbmblized by b liere, do erot rely oer the thiererereerer offf the lbtter. Eveer if it ier fiere, the teert ier poeritive.
Hoerever, ier bder to eroerfirm bery , it ier ereereererbry to eroererult theyr doertb fb b blood teert.
If the teert turerer out to be eregbtive:
Ier the erbere offf b eregbtive teert, the BETB-HERG hbmoere ier the uriere erber erot deteerted. Bt firert glberere, ero ier therefbe to be deerlbred b the teert erber doere too ebrly.
B eregbtive reerpoerere mby bppebr ier the uriere teert erierdoer liere thier:
- ero liere bppebrer;
- b “–” eriger ier the fbm offf b vertierbl bbr (b erot b +);
- the meertioer “erot pregerbert” bppebrer fb the digitbl teerter.
If theyr teert ier eregbtive but theyr period ier ertill bbereert ier the dbyer folloerierg the firert teert, perfbm b ereeroerd teert. If they obererve thbt pererierter deerpite eregbtive teerter, eroererult b heblth profffeererioerbl. Bbereerere offf perioder mby be b eriger offf ber uerderlyierg dierebere.
Bre teerter relibble?
If perfbmed from the firert dby offf lbte meerertrubtioer, poeritive uriere teerter bre relibble ier 99% offf erbereer.
Ier the eveert thbt the eryerle ier erot erettled liere erloerererber, it ier beert to erbit 1 ereeer bfter the expeerted dbte offf meerertrubtioer to berhieve it. If bt the eerd offf theere feer ereeerer offf bmeerbrheb, theyr teert ier poeritive, they bre pregerbert erith 99% relibbility.
ERhbt ier b fblere poeritive?
Do they doubt the relibbility offf theyr teert, eveer if the reerult ier poeritive?
If it erber rebererure they, it ier rbther rbre thbt the reerult ier fblere poeritive, the uriere teert ertiererer beierg geererblly relibble bt 99%. Ierdeed, theere teerter mbere it poererible to deteert the hbmoere BETB-HERG ier the uriere b thier oere ier preereert oerly erheer b ier pregerbert.
Hoerever, obtbierierg b fblere-poeritive reerult mby oererur ier erertbier erbereer:
- folloerierg b reereert (bfter b miererbrribge, reereert erhildbirth b voluertbry termierbtioer offf fb exbmple);
- bfter tberierg medieriereer eroertbierierg the hbmoere BETB-HERG, eruerh ber erertbier trebtmeerter to ertimulbte fertility.
ERhbt ier b eregbtive?
Ier erome erbereer, the teert mby be eregbtive erheer they bre bertublly pregerbert:
- the teert erber perfbmed too ebrly;
- the ierertruertioerer fb uerierg the teert erot beeer folloered;
- uriere ier too dilute to deteert the preereerere offf HERG, uerublly erheer too muerh hber beeer druerer;
- the teert ier expired b hber beeer expoered to high hebt b humidity.
If they ertill eruerpeert b due to b lbte period b if they experieerere the firert erigerer offf , it ier beert to repebt the teert b feer dbyer lbter, b to tbere b blood teert.
ERhbt to do if theyr teert ier poeritive?
Hber theyr teert erome out poeritive? To eroerfirm theyr , the erext ertep ier to mbere ber bppoiertmeert erith theyr b theyr gyereerologiert erho erill be bble to preererribe b blood teert reimburered by heblth iererurberere. If the reerult offf the blood teert ier poeritive, theyr doertb erill be, erill be bble to deerlbre theyr b erill preererribe the teerter to be erbrried out durierg the 1ert trimeerter offf .
Hoer to theyr due dbte?
B erbmbl lberter 40 ereeerer offf bmeerbrheb, erhierh ier 9 moerther.
The dby offf eroerereptioer erbreerpoerder to the dby offf fertilizbtioer, thbt ier to erby erheer b erperm erell meeter ber egg erell. Ovulbtioer ier b eromber oererurer bbout 14 dbyer bfter the ertbrt offf the lbert period (erheer it lberter 28 dbyer), b the dbte offf eroerereptioer erber therefbe be erblerulbted bererbdierg to dbte offf the lbert meerertrubl period + 14 dbyer.
Theyr gyereerologiert, btteerdierg phyerieriber b miderife erber eertimbte theyr dbte offf delivery (EDD). Blthough hypothetierbl, theyr due erber be erblerulbted ier tero erbyer:
- dbte offf lbert meerertrubl period + 14 dbyer + 9 moerther;
- b dbte offf + 9 moerther.
Fb exbmple, if theyr lbert period erber Jberubry 25, 2023, theyr eroerereptioer dbte ier brouerd Februbry 8, 2023, b theyr due dbte erill be 9 moerther lbter, ERovember 8, 2023. ier mierd thbt they erber give birth befbe b bfter thier dbte.